• PHPのインストール

$ export PHP_VERSION='7.2'
$ sudo apt-get install -y php"$PHP_VERSION"-{cli,fpm,zip,curl,gd,xml,mbstring,mysql,intl,soap,xmlrpc,bcmath,common}
$ php -v
PHP 7.2.10-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (cli) (built: Sep 13 2018 13:45:02) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.2.10-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies

$ systemctl status php"$PHP_VERSION"-fpm
● php7.2-fpm.service - The PHP 7.2 FastCGI Process Manager
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/php7.2-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2018-12-15 09:37:41 UTC; 29s ago
     Docs: man:php-fpm7.2(8)
 Main PID: 12196 (php-fpm7.2)
   Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 2, Requests: 0, slow: 0, Traffic: 0req/sec"
    Tasks: 3 (limit: 4915)
   CGroup: /system.slice/php7.2-fpm.service
           ├─12196 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php/7.2/fpm/php-fpm.conf)
           ├─12207 php-fpm: pool www
           └─12208 php-fpm: pool www

• 設定ファイル

$ php --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /etc/php/7.2/cli
Loaded Configuration File:         /etc/php/7.2/cli/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed:      /etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/10-mysqlnd.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/10-opcache.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/10-pdo.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/15-xml.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-calendar.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-ctype.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-curl.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-dom.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-exif.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-fileinfo.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-ftp.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-gd.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-gettext.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-iconv.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-json.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-mbstring.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-mysqli.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-pdo_mysql.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-phar.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-posix.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-readline.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-shmop.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-simplexml.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-sockets.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-sysvmsg.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-sysvsem.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-sysvshm.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-tokenizer.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-wddx.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-xmlreader.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-xmlwriter.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-xsl.ini,
/etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/20-zip.ini

• パラメータ設定

$ sudo vim /etc/php/"$PHP_VERSION"/fpm/php.ini
max_execution_time = 300
upload_max_filesize = 128M
post_max_size = 256M
memory_limit = 512M

• PHP を再起動して設定反映

$ sudo systemctl restart php"$PHP_VERSION"-fpm.service

• 動作確認用のファイル作成

$ sudo tee /var/www/html/info.php <<EOF
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
EOF

以下コメントイン。一部編集 php7.0->php7.2。ネットワークオーバーヘッドを減らすため、TCP ではなく Unix sockets を使用。

$ sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php-fpm.sock;
        }

最低限のNginx設定

$ cat /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
server {
	listen 80 default_server;
	listen [::]:80 default_server;

	root /var/www/html;
	index index.html index.htm;
	server_name _;

	location / {
		try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
	}

	location ~ \.php$ {
		include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
		fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php-fpm.sock;
	}
}

$ sudo nginx -t && sudo nginx -s reload

確認。

$ lynx --dump http://localhost/info.php | grep -i 'server.*fpm'
   Server API FPM/FastCGI

動作確認用ファイル削除。

$ sudo mv /var/www/html/info.php /tmp